Thanks to the Shoshone Tribe, Bathing In These Ancient Hot Springs Is Free to the World Forever

Hot Springs State Park, Thermopolis, Wyoming

Hot Springs State Park keeps things simple: world’s largest mineral hot spring, free bathhouse, and a herd of bison that doesn’t care about either.

The water’s been flowing at 128 degrees since before Wyoming was Wyoming, creating those signature orange and white terraces that make Thermopolis worth the drive. Here are some interesting facts about this unique state park.

Wyoming’s First State Park

Native American tribes considered these springs sacred ground long before European settlers arrived. John Colter discovered them in 1807-1808 during his winter exploration of the region.

By the late 1800s, settlers had begun developing the area into a health resort. The site became Wyoming’s first state park in 1897, marking the beginning of its public stewardship.

Before becoming a state park, the area was known as “Bah-gue-wana” or “smoking waters” by local Native American tribes. The town of Thermopolis itself got its name from the Greek words “thermo” (hot) and “polis” (city)

The Springs Are Free Thanks to The Shoshone Tribe

The park exists thanks to a remarkable agreement. In 1896, Chief Washakie and the Eastern Shoshone tribe sold the land with one important condition: the springs must remain free and accessible to the public forever.

The treaty specified that “when this land ceases to be used as a public park, it reverts to the tribe.” This forward-thinking provision has ensured that for over 125 years, anyone can experience the healing waters regardless of financial means.

The original sale price for the land was $60,000, a substantial sum in the 1890s What makes this treaty special is its enduring stipulation: a portion of the hot springs must remain free and accessible to the public forever.

Chief Washakie of the Shoshone tribe, who was approximately 96 years old at the time, was a key figure in negotiating this agreement.

Healing Minerals In The Water

The springs contain calcium, magnesium, sodium, and sulfates that are known to help with joint pain and skin conditions. Native Americans called them “smoking waters” and used them for healing for generations.

The high mineral content comes from the water’s journey through limestone formations deep underground, where it dissolves these minerals before emerging at the surface. The water temperature, which ranges from 104 to 135 has an average of 143 degrees Fahrenheit depending on location, helps increase blood circulation and relax muscles.

Early settlers reported significant health improvements after bathing here. Many visitors today find relief from chronic pain, improved circulation, and muscle tension after a good soak in these mineral-rich waters.

The Largest Mineral Hot Spring In The World

The crown jewel of the park is the Big Spring, the world’s largest mineral hot spring. It pumps 293 million gallons of water daily at a consistent 135°F.

The spring creates a misty spectacle, especially during cool mornings. Before flowing into the Bighorn River, the spring water cascades down colorful mineral terraces. Park records show that its flow and temperature have remained remarkably stable for over a century of monitoring.

Colorful Mineral Formations

The Rainbow Terraces are one of the park’s most photogenic features. As mineral-rich water flows across the landscape, it deposits calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and sulfur compounds that create colorful formations.

These deposits range in shades of brown, orange, red, and green in some areas due to various minerals and heat-loving algae. A boardwalk allows visitors to view these delicate formations without damaging them.

Three Different Places To Soak

The park offers three distinct soaking options. The Wyoming State Bath House offers free 20-minute soaking sessions in therapeutic aspects of the mineral waters and in compliance with the 1896 treaty.

Star Plunge features water slides, a vapor cave, and both indoor and outdoor pools, while Hellie’s TePee Pools offers unique teepee structures, multiple pools of varying temperatures, and family-friendly amenities.

The Free Bath House

Thanks to the 1896 treaty, the Wyoming State Bath House offers complimentary access to the mineral waters. The facility maintains clean changing rooms, lockers, and soaking pools.

Visitors should note that soaking sessions are limited to 20 minutes, proper swimwear is required, and the facility closes on certain holidays. The water temperature is maintained at 104°F for safety and comfort, slightly cooled from the original spring temperature to make it safe for bathing.

Operating hours are typically 8:00 AM to 57:300 PM year-round, though they’re subject to change seasonally.

Why The Hot Springs Smell Like Eggs

The hot springs do have a distinctive sulfur odor, often compared to rotten eggs. This comes from hydrogen sulfide gas naturally released from the mineral-rich waters. Most regular visitors quickly become accustomed to the smell.

The intensity varies with humidity and seasons. Interestingly, these same sulfur compounds contribute to the water’s therapeutic benefits, particularly for skin conditions.

Hiking Trails And Bison Viewing

The 1-100 acre park features 6.2 miles of trails, many wheelchair-accessible, with views of the Bighorn River. A bison herd has been maintained in the park since 1916.

The park maintains several boat docks for those who want to explore the river, though swimming is prohibited due to strong currents. Wildlife viewing is another popular activity, with the park’s bison herd being a major attraction.

These magnificent animals roam a fenced portion of the park, allowing visitors to observe them safely from designated viewing areas. For groups, the park offers a reservable picnic shelter equipped with tables, grills, and nearby restroom facilities.

Birdwatchers will appreciate the variety of species that inhabit the park’s diverse ecosystems.

More Things to Do in Thermopolis, WY

Thermopolis offers several worthwhile attractions beyond the park. The Wyoming Dinosaur Center displays over 30 mounted dinosaur skeletons and allows summer visitors to participate in actual dig sites.

The Hot Springs County Museum & Cultural Center showcases pioneer artifacts and local history with its extensive collection. Other options include scenic drives through Wind River Canyon, whitewater rafting opportunities, drinks at Shorty’s Saloon with its authentic Western atmosphere, or guided horseback trips along the Outlaw Trail through historic hideouts.

Park Hours And Directions

Hot Springs State Park is located at 51 US-20, Thermopolis, WY 82443, USA. The park grounds are open daily from sunrise to sunset year-round.

The State Bath House operates from roughly 8am-7pm, with seasonal variations. Take US Highway 20 to Thermopolis and follow the signs.

For more information, call (307) 864-2176 or visit the Wyoming State Parks website. While summer is popular, winter offers a unique experience with steam rising against snowy landscapes.

The best times to visit are late spring through early fall, though the hot springs are particularly magical during winter.